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  • 2022-05-26 16:47:14 发布

ChainDriveNew机械设计英文PPT教案_重大

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ChainDrives(链传动)Terminology1.Chains链2.Sprocket(Driving,Driven)链轮Chaintransmitsloadintensiontoandfromsprocket. PowertransmissionchainscanbecategorizedasRollerchainSilentchainEngineeringsteelchainDetachablechain.传动链起重链牵引链齿形链链滚子链 pinsthatpivotinsidetherollerbushings.pinsarepressfittedintothepinlinkplatesrollerbushingsarepressfittedintorollerlinkplatesfree-turningrollerencircleseachbushingtoproviderollingengagementandcontactwithsprocketteethThedistancebetweenflexingjointsinrollerchainisthepitch(链节距),whichisthebasicdesignationfordifferentchainsizes.Rollerchain 2.Joints(联接链节)Axialpositioningmethods:(SpringPins)开口销,多用于大节距链(SpringUboard)弹簧卡片,多用于小节距链设计时,链节数以取为偶数(Even)为宜,这样可避免使用过渡链节(Offsetlinkbar),因为过渡链节会使链的承载能力下降。过渡链节 3.滚子链的规格标记示例:08A-1×86GB1243.1–83 Multi-StrandsrollerchainDouble-pitchrollerchainBecauseagivenlengthofdouble-pitchchaincontainsonlyhalfasmanypitches,itislighterandlessexpensivethanstandardrollerchain.AnotherchoiceforhighpowertransmissionChoiceforlongshaftdistancetransmission CenterguidechainSideguidechainSilentchain(无声链) Wherethetransmissionofhighpoweristheprimaryrequirement,engineeringsteeldrivechainsoffermanyusefulsolutions.Engineeringsteelchain(工程链)Standardtypes:heavydutyoffsetsidebarengineeringsteelrollerchainheavydutystraight-sidebarroller-typeconveyorchain主要用于重型传送装置 AdvantagesdetachablelinkscanbeseparatedatanyjointwithoutusingspecialtoolsDetachablechainislowincostandcantransmitupto25hpatspeedsto350fpm.Detachablechain(可拆链)Detachablelinkchainsarefabricatedwithone-pieceelementsandcanbepress-formedfromflatrolledsteel,结构简单、可不用特殊工具安装、拆卸 Chordalaction(弦切现象或多边形效应)Charactersofchaindrive 二、瞬时速度和瞬时传动比链条铰链A点的前进分速度:上下运动分速度:因为从动链轮的角速度为:所以链传动瞬时传动比为: 当主动链轮匀速转动时,从动链轮的角速度以及链传动的瞬时传动比都是周期性变化的,因此链传动不宜用于对运动精度有较高要求的场合。由上述分析可知,链传动中,链条的前进速度和上下抖动速度是周期性变化的,链轮的节距越大,齿数越少,链速的变化就越大。Speedvariationcharacter d=p/sin(180/z)Keeppconstant,zdElongationofchainafterwearingDesignlimitationofsprocketsduetochordalactionFordrivingsprocketsForthesamepitch,whenZdecrease,powerlossduetoflexingincrease,jointselementswearfaster;Forthesamepitch,whenZdecrease,Ddecreases,largerforcemustbesustainedbychaintotransmitthesamepower(2T/D)JumpteethoccursFordrivensprockets 通常限制链传动的传动比i≤6,推荐的传动比i=2~3.5。为磨损均匀,Z应取与链节数互为质数的奇数。 Advantagesofchaindrivesoverbeltdrivesare:•Noslippagebetweenchainandsprocketteeth.•Negligiblestretch,allowingchainstocarryheavyloads.•Longoperatinglifeexpectancybecauseflexureandfrictioncontactoccurbetweenhardenedbearingsurfacesseparatedbyanoilfilm.•Operatesinhostileenvironmentssuchashightemperatures,highmoistureoroilyareas,dusty,dirty,andcorrosiveatmospheres,etc.,especiallyifhighalloymetalsandotherspecialmaterialsareused.•Longshelflifebecausemetalchainordinarilydoesn’tdeterioratewithageandisunaffectedbysun,reasonablerangesofheat,moisture,andoil.•Certaintypescanbereplacedwithoutdisturbingothercomponentsmountedonthesameshaftsassprockets. Drawbacksofchaindrivesthatmightaffectdrivesystemdesignare:•Noiseisusuallyhigherthanwithbeltsorgears,butsilentchaindrivesarerelativelyquiet.•Chaindrivescanelongateduetowearingoflinkandsprocketteethcontactsurfaces.•Chainflexibilityislimitedtoasingleplanewhereassomebeltdrivesarenot.•Usuallylimitedtosomewhatlower-speedapplicationscomparedtobeltsorgears.•Sprocketsusuallyshouldbereplacedbecauseofwearwhenwornchainisreplaced.V-beltsheavesexhibitverylowwear. CoilerdriveDriveforaroller-supporteddrumwithadiameterofapprox.2mandalengthof9mRollerconveyorBoardslittersawsynchronouslydrivenApplications ShaftcenterdistanceIngeneral,thepreferredrangeofcenterdistanceforrollerchaindrivesthatallowadjustablecenterdistancesis30to50chainpitches.Rollerchaindriveswithfixedcentersshouldbelimitedtoabout30pitches.Minimumcenterdistancemustallowclearancebetweentheteethofthetwosprockets.Arcofchainengagementshouldnotbelessthan120deg中心距的合理选择Generalconsiderationforarrangementofchaindrivedesign Verylongcenterdistancescauseexcessivetensionandmaycausethechaintojumpteeth.Longchainsmayneedtobesupportedbyguidesoridlers.IdlerSprocket 链传动的合理布置(1)Verticalplane(2)Slopeangleshouldbelessthan45(3)KeepslacksideinthebottomsideGeneralconsiderationforarrangementofchaindrivedesign AllowablePowerforrollerchain链传动的承载能力链传动的承载能力是以链的强度和寿命为依据的。1.极限功率曲线0由链板疲劳强度限定由滚子、套筒冲击疲劳强度限定由销轴和套筒胶合限定额定功率P0/kW小链轮转速n1/(r/min) 2.A系列套筒滚子链的实用功率曲线图实验条件:单列,水平布置,载荷平稳,Z1=19,i=3,t=100P,th=15000h,ΔP/P≤3%设计时可根据小链轮的转速n1从图中查出这种型号的链条允许传递的额定功率P0,额定功率曲线适合于链速v>0.6m/s的场合。当链传动实际工作条件与标准实验条件不符时,应考虑工作情况系数KA、链长、小链轮齿数、多排链等因素的影响。额定功率曲线是在推荐的润滑方式下得到的,当不能满足推荐的润滑方式时,应降低额定功率P0。Pitchselection Ⅰ—人工定期润滑Ⅱ—滴油润滑Ⅲ—油浴或飞溅润滑Ⅳ—压力喷油润滑推荐的润滑方式RecommendedLubricationmethod 三、链传动主要参数的选择1.链的节距和排数链条所能传递的功率P0可由下式确定Pc=KAP(10–31)(10–30)式中P0–––在特定条件下,单排链所能传递的功率(kW)(见图10–27);Pc––––链传动的计算功率(kW);KA––––工况系数(表10–12);KZ–––小链轮齿数系数(表10–13,当工作在如图10–27所示的曲线顶点左侧时(链板疲劳),查表中的KZ,当工作在右侧时(滚子套筒冲击疲劳),查表中的KZ;KP–––多排链系数(表10–14);KL–––链长系数(图10–29),链板疲劳查曲线1,滚子套筒冲击疲劳查曲线2。根据式(10–30求出传递的功率,由图10–27查出合适的链号和链节距。 例10-2设计如图10-31所示的带式运输机传动方案中的滚子链传动。已知小链轮转速n1=123r/min,传动比i=3,传递功率P=6.85kW,两班制工作,中心距可调节,载荷平稳。 解:1.选定链轮齿数z1、z2初步假设链速v=0.63m/s,由表10–15查得小链轮齿数z1≥17,取z1=19,z2=iz1=3×19=57(<120合适)。2.根据实用功率曲线,选链条型号(1)初定中心距a0=40p,链节数LP为取LP=118节。由于中心距可调,可不算实际中心距。估计,链条链板可能产生疲劳破坏。由表10–13查得KZ=1.0,由表10–14查得KP=1.0(初取单排链),由图10–29查得KL=1.05,由表10–12查得KA=1.0。 该链条在实验条件下所需传递的功率由图10–27,按P0=6.52kW,n1=123r/min,选取链条型号为20A,p=31.75mm,且P0与n1交点在曲线顶点左侧,确系链板疲劳破坏,估计正确。3.校核链速与原假设v=0.6~3m/s范围符合。4.计算链长和中心距 6.链条型号:20A–1×122GB1243.1–835.链轮结构设计从略中心距调整量7.计算作用在轴上的压轴力 链传动在安装时,应使链条受到一定的张紧力,张紧的目的主要是使松边不致过松,以免影响链条正常退出啮合和产生振动、跳齿或脱链现象。1.工作拉力F2.离心拉力Fc3.垂度拉力Ff式中g––––重力加速度(m/s2);a––––中心距(m);f––––悬索垂度(m);Kf–––垂度系数三、链传动的受力分析和作用在轴上的载荷 作用在轴上的载荷FQ可近似地取为主动边和从动边总拉力之和,因离心拉力不作用在轴上,不应计算在内,由此得FQ=F+2Ff。又由于垂度拉力不大,故可近似取

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