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Intelligentpolymermaterials高材03班余函帅婉华
MaincontentOverviewofsmartpolymermaterialsClassificationandapplicationofsmartpolymermaterialsOutlookofsmartpolymermaterials
Intelligentmaterial:Itisalsoknownassmartmaterial,whichhasthefunctionofperception,selfdiagnosis,selfadaptationandselfrepair.Features:polymermaterialsintegratingperception,driverandinformationprocessing,toformanintelligentpropertiessimilartothebiologicalmaterial.
BiologicalfunctionoftheIntelligentmaterialsHavefeedbacksystemInformationaccumulationandrecognitionfunctionLearningabilityandpredictivefunctionResponsefunctionSelfrepairingfunctionSelfdiagnosticfunctionDynamicbalanceandadaptivefunction
Amaterialsystemwiththeformoftheabovestructure,itmaybereflectedofthefollowingcharacteristics:Withsensingcapabilities,candetecttheoutsideworld(orinternal)ofthestimulusintensityWithinformationtransferfunction,tosetuptheoptimalwaytochooseandcontrolresponseFunctionofresponseandexecutiontotheenvironmentaltransformationSensitiveresponseTheexternalstimuluscanquicklyreturntotheoriginalstate.
IntelligentmaterialIntelligentmetalmaterialsIntelligentinorganicnonmetallicmaterialsIntelligentpolymermaterialsadvantangesMultilevelstructureWeakintermolecularforcesSidechainiseasytointroducefunctionalgroupsFacilitatemoleculardesignandfinecontrolEasycoatingConducivetotheperceptionoftheenvironmenttoachieveenvironmentalresponse
ClassificationofintelligentpolymermaterialsSmartpolymergelShapememorypolymermaterialsIntelligentpolymercomposites
DefinitionofpolymergelsThegelisbetweenliquidandsolidmaterialform.Polymergelismadeupofmoleculesbetweenthree-dimensionalcrosslinkednetwork,itsnetworkconsistsofthemacromolecularmainchainandsidechainwithhydrophilicgroups(polarity)andhydrophobicgroups,or(and)dissociativegroup,solventwasfixedinthemolecularnetwork.Althoughsolventcannotbedissolvedthethreedimensionalnetworkstructureofpolymer,buthighmolecularcompoundsolventaffinitygroupspartcanthroughsolventeffectandmakethepolymerswelling,thisalsoisoneofthereasonsfortheformationofpolymergel.
DefinitionofpolymergelsThreedimensionalnetworkstructureofpolymergelsThesystemofthree-dimensionalpolymernetworkandsolventSolventswelling,whichcanbesolventswellingBiggestfeature:volumephasetransitionThepolymergel,whichcanbechemicallybonded,canbechemicallyandphysicallycross-linked.
ClassificationofpolymergelsAccordingtotheclassificationofsolventinthepolymernetwork:PolymergelHydrogelOrganicgel
Hydrogelsarethemostcommonandoneofthemostimportantpolymergels.Thevastmajorityofcreatures,thepresenceofnaturalplantgelandmanysyntheticpolymergelarebelongtothehydrogel.Andbiologicalgelhaveexcellentintelligenceandhighstrength.Intelligenthydrogelisakindofhydrogelwhichcanproducesensitiveresponsetoexternalstimuli.Hydrogelscanabsorbhundredsoftimesbeyondtheweightofwater,soitisalsousedinhealthmaterials.Classificationofpolymergels
Thevolumephasetransitionofgel:Gelequilibriumswellingvolumechangeswiththechangesoftheenvironment.SwellingphaseContractionphaseEnvironmentalfactorschangeVolumediscontinuityInternalcause:FanDehuaforce,hydrogenbond,hydrophobicinteractionandelectrostaticforce.
PreparationofsmartpolymergelsStartingmaterialMonomer(watersolubleoroilsolublemonomer)Polymers(naturalorsyntheticpolymers)MixturesofmonomersandpolymersTwopremises:ThemainchainorsidechainwithalargenumberofProsolventgroupsAppropriatecrosslinkingnetworkstructurePreparationmethod:CrosslinkingpolymerizationofmonomersGraftcopolymerizationChemicalinitiatorRadiationtechnologyFreeradicalpolymerizationorcopolymerizationMonomersmartpolymergelsOthercross-linkingortransformation,etc.OlefinmonomerCovalentattachmentNaturalpolymer(starchcellulose)anditsderivatives
ApplicationofpolymergelChemicalfilmandchemicalvalveForintelligentlargemolecules,theirconformationcanbechangedduetothesmallchangesintheexternalconditions,andthechangemaybelostduetothedisappearanceofthechangeofexternalconditions.Itisbasedonthiskindofcontrollableconformationalchangeofintelligentmacromolecule,whichisdesignedandproducedavarietyofmolecularweightwhichcanbecontrolledtoseparatemembrane.Forexample,attheendofdisulfidebondpolyL2glutamicacidgraftedontoapolycarbonatemembraneporestructure,theuseofthismoleculeinthelowpHconformationshrinkage,highpHconformationstretchingcontrollingmembraneporesize.ExperimentsshowthatthemembranewaterpermeabilitydependenceonthepHofthesolutionandchangesintheionicstrengthofthesolutionwillalsoaffectthewaterpermeability,withtheincreaseoftheionicstrength,waterpermeabilityonthepHdependencedecreases.
chemicalmechanicaldeviceDifferenthydrogelcomposite,makingawidevarietyofchemicalmechanicaldevices.Whenstimulated,thesematerialscanbebentintoapredeterminedshape,whenthestimulusdisappears,thematerialisreturnedtotheoriginalshape.Forexample,thePNIPAMgelwasmodifiedatfourequallyspacedpointsonatemperatureinsensitivePAMgel.Atroomtemperature,thecompositematerialisshapedinastraightline,butwhenthetemperaturerises,compositegelinthePNIPAMmodifiedatbegantobend,formingapentagonal,thencontinuetobendsoastoformasquarepattern,cooling,reversebendingprocess,materialsandrecoveryisalineartype.Accordingtothis,thedesignandmanufactureofthegelhandandothergeldevicecanbegrabbed.Applicationofpolymergel
drugcontrolreleaseTosmartpolymermaterialsasthebasis,itcanmakethedrugreleasesystemintelligence,drugisreleasedwhenneeded,otherwisenotbereleased.Thecharacteristicsofthissystemintegratingdrugsandwhetheragentsontheirownjudgment,setofsensing,processingandexecutivefunctioninabody,itcansignalachangeintheperceiveddiseasecausedbychemicalandphysicalquantities,pharmaceuticalaccordingtothisresponsetothesignalfromthefeedbackandreleasedrugorterminationoftherelease.Infact,thesmarttypeoflargemoleculesandlargemolecularhydrogelsforbiomedicalapplicationsaremorereflectedinthedrugimmobilizationandcontrolledrelease.Applicationofpolymergel
Withthedevelopmentofmaterialscience,thesmartpolymermaterialhasbroaddevelopmentspaceandapplicationprospect.
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