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Biography◆FamilyFather:Sophroniscus(弗羅尼可斯)Mother:Phaenarete(费娜瑞忒)Wife:Xanthippe(粘西比)Sons:Lamprocles,SophroniscusandMenexenus.◆TrialanddeathHebelievedhewouldbebetteroffdead.2
Reasonsofchoosedeath◆Hebelievedsuchaflightwouldindicateafearofdeath,whichhebelievednotruephilosopherhas.◆IfhefledAthenshisteachingwouldfarenobetterinanothercountry,ashewouldcontinuequestioningallhemetandundoubtedlyincurtheirdispleasure.◆Havingknowinglyagreedtoliveunderthecity"slaws,heimplicitlysubjectedhimselftothepossibilityofbeingaccusedofcrimesbyitscitizensandjudgedguiltybyitsjury.Todootherwisewouldhavecausedhimtobreakhis"socialcontract"withthestate,andsoharmthestate,anunprincipledact.3
Philosophy4
Well-knownQuotes◆AboutknowledgeOnethingonlyIknow,andthatisthatIknownothing.◆AboutteachersIcannotteachanybodyanything,Icanonlymakethemthink.5
◆AboutwisdomTruewisdomcomestoeachofuswhenwerealizehowlittleweunderstandaboutlife,ourselves,andtheworldaroundus.◆AboutlifeAnunexaminedlifeisnotworthliving.◆AboutdeathThehourofdeparturehasarrivedandwegoourways;Itodie,andyoutolive.Whichisbetter?OnlyGodknows.6
◆AboutdeathTofeardeath,myfriends,isonlytothinkourselveswise,withoutbeingwise:foritistothinkthatweknowwhatwedonotknow.Foranythingthatmencantell,deathmaybethegreatestgoodthatcanhappentothem:buttheyfearitasiftheyknewquitewellthatitwasthegreatestofevils.Andwhatisthisbutthatshamefulignoranceofthinkingthatweknowwhatwedonotknow?7
SocialEvaluation◆Devoutreverencetogods◆WesternConfucius◆Saintsandmartyrs8
Relatedpersons◆Plato(柏拉图)◆Xenophon(色诺芬)◆Aristotle(亚里士多德)Platoisdeartome,butdearerstillistruth.9
TheEndThanks10