智能材料英文PPT.ppt 20页

Intelligentpolymermaterials高材03班余函帅婉华 MaincontentOverviewofsmartpolymermaterialsClassificationandapplicationofsmartpolymermaterialsOutlookofsmartpolymermaterials Intelligentmaterial:Itisalsoknownassmartmaterial,whichhasthefunctionofperception,selfdiagnosis,selfadaptationandselfrepair.Features:polymermaterialsintegratingperception,driverandinformationprocessing,toformanintelligentpropertiessimilartothebiologicalmaterial. BiologicalfunctionoftheIntelligentmaterialsHavefeedbacksystemInformationaccumulationandrecognitionfunctionLearningabilityandpredictivefunctionResponsefunctionSelfrepairingfunctionSelfdiagnosticfunctionDynamicbalanceandadaptivefunction Amaterialsystemwiththeformoftheabovestructure,itmaybereflectedofthefollowingcharacteristics:Withsensingcapabilities,candetecttheoutsideworld(orinternal)ofthestimulusintensityWithinformationtransferfunction,tosetuptheoptimalwaytochooseandcontrolresponseFunctionofresponseandexecutiontotheenvironmentaltransformationSensitiveresponseTheexternalstimuluscanquicklyreturntotheoriginalstate. IntelligentmaterialIntelligentmetalmaterialsIntelligentinorganicnonmetallicmaterialsIntelligentpolymermaterialsadvantangesMultilevelstructureWeakintermolecularforcesSidechainiseasytointroducefunctionalgroupsFacilitatemoleculardesignandfinecontrolEasycoatingConducivetotheperceptionoftheenvironmenttoachieveenvironmentalresponse ClassificationofintelligentpolymermaterialsSmartpolymergelShapememorypolymermaterialsIntelligentpolymercomposites DefinitionofpolymergelsThegelisbetweenliquidandsolidmaterialform.Polymergelismadeupofmoleculesbetweenthree-dimensionalcrosslinkednetwork,itsnetworkconsistsofthemacromolecularmainchainandsidechainwithhydrophilicgroups(polarity)andhydrophobicgroups,or(and)dissociativegroup,solventwasfixedinthemolecularnetwork.Althoughsolventcannotbedissolvedthethreedimensionalnetworkstructureofpolymer,buthighmolecularcompoundsolventaffinitygroupspartcanthroughsolventeffectandmakethepolymerswelling,thisalsoisoneofthereasonsfortheformationofpolymergel. DefinitionofpolymergelsThreedimensionalnetworkstructureofpolymergelsThesystemofthree-dimensionalpolymernetworkandsolventSolventswelling,whichcanbesolventswellingBiggestfeature:volumephasetransitionThepolymergel,whichcanbechemicallybonded,canbechemicallyandphysicallycross-linked. ClassificationofpolymergelsAccordingtotheclassificationofsolventinthepolymernetwork:PolymergelHydrogelOrganicgel Hydrogelsarethemostcommonandoneofthemostimportantpolymergels.Thevastmajorityofcreatures,thepresenceofnaturalplantgelandmanysyntheticpolymergelarebelongtothehydrogel.Andbiologicalgelhaveexcellentintelligenceandhighstrength.Intelligenthydrogelisakindofhydrogelwhichcanproducesensitiveresponsetoexternalstimuli.Hydrogelscanabsorbhundredsoftimesbeyondtheweightofwater,soitisalsousedinhealthmaterials.Classificationofpolymergels Thevolumephasetransitionofgel:Gelequilibriumswellingvolumechangeswiththechangesoftheenvironment.SwellingphaseContractionphaseEnvironmentalfactorschangeVolumediscontinuityInternalcause:FanDehuaforce,hydrogenbond,hydrophobicinteractionandelectrostaticforce. PreparationofsmartpolymergelsStartingmaterialMonomer(watersolubleoroilsolublemonomer)Polymers(naturalorsyntheticpolymers)MixturesofmonomersandpolymersTwopremises:ThemainchainorsidechainwithalargenumberofProsolventgroupsAppropriatecrosslinkingnetworkstructurePreparationmethod:CrosslinkingpolymerizationofmonomersGraftcopolymerizationChemicalinitiatorRadiationtechnologyFreeradicalpolymerizationorcopolymerizationMonomersmartpolymergelsOthercross-linkingortransformation,etc.OlefinmonomerCovalentattachmentNaturalpolymer(starchcellulose)anditsderivatives ApplicationofpolymergelChemicalfilmandchemicalvalveForintelligentlargemolecules,theirconformationcanbechangedduetothesmallchangesintheexternalconditions,andthechangemaybelostduetothedisappearanceofthechangeofexternalconditions.Itisbasedonthiskindofcontrollableconformationalchangeofintelligentmacromolecule,whichisdesignedandproducedavarietyofmolecularweightwhichcanbecontrolledtoseparatemembrane.Forexample,attheendofdisulfidebondpolyL2glutamicacidgraftedontoapolycarbonatemembraneporestructure,theuseofthismoleculeinthelowpHconformationshrinkage,highpHconformationstretchingcontrollingmembraneporesize.ExperimentsshowthatthemembranewaterpermeabilitydependenceonthepHofthesolutionandchangesintheionicstrengthofthesolutionwillalsoaffectthewaterpermeability,withtheincreaseoftheionicstrength,waterpermeabilityonthepHdependencedecreases. chemicalmechanicaldeviceDifferenthydrogelcomposite,makingawidevarietyofchemicalmechanicaldevices.Whenstimulated,thesematerialscanbebentintoapredeterminedshape,whenthestimulusdisappears,thematerialisreturnedtotheoriginalshape.Forexample,thePNIPAMgelwasmodifiedatfourequallyspacedpointsonatemperatureinsensitivePAMgel.Atroomtemperature,thecompositematerialisshapedinastraightline,butwhenthetemperaturerises,compositegelinthePNIPAMmodifiedatbegantobend,formingapentagonal,thencontinuetobendsoastoformasquarepattern,cooling,reversebendingprocess,materialsandrecoveryisalineartype.Accordingtothis,thedesignandmanufactureofthegelhandandothergeldevicecanbegrabbed.Applicationofpolymergel drugcontrolreleaseTosmartpolymermaterialsasthebasis,itcanmakethedrugreleasesystemintelligence,drugisreleasedwhenneeded,otherwisenotbereleased.Thecharacteristicsofthissystemintegratingdrugsandwhetheragentsontheirownjudgment,setofsensing,processingandexecutivefunctioninabody,itcansignalachangeintheperceiveddiseasecausedbychemicalandphysicalquantities,pharmaceuticalaccordingtothisresponsetothesignalfromthefeedbackandreleasedrugorterminationoftherelease.Infact,thesmarttypeoflargemoleculesandlargemolecularhydrogelsforbiomedicalapplicationsaremorereflectedinthedrugimmobilizationandcontrolledrelease.Applicationofpolymergel Withthedevelopmentofmaterialscience,thesmartpolymermaterialhasbroaddevelopmentspaceandapplicationprospect. 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